Place your funnel into the bottle opening.
Add the sugar to the bottle
Place the strainer into the funnel
Pour the lemon juice through the strainer unless you want the pulp in the bottle too. In that case, skip the strainer and just pick out the seeds (you can plant them, that's what I did!).
If you are using water kefir, pour enough to fill the bottle to within 1-2 inches of the top. You can also use less water kefir and add a little water if you don't have enough to fill the whole bottle.
In case you are using whey, you can either measure out 2-4 tablespoons of whey starter or use only whey and fill the bottle to within 1-2 inches from the top
If you are using any other culture, measure out 2 tablespoons, pour it into the bottle and fill with filtered water to within 1-2 inches from the top.
Cap tightly and place in a warm spot, out of direct sunlight, to ferment.
Depending on your room temperature and the strength of your starter, it might be done in 24 hours. Most of mine take 48 hours to three days at 70-80℉ room temperature.
Release the pressure once or twice a day to keep the bottle from getting over-pressured. This can also help you determine if it’s a good time to refrigerate it.
Once I get a good fizz coming from the bottle when I open it, I leave it for another 12 to 24 hours and then refrigerate it. I like most of my sugars to be eaten by the bacteria, as I don't like super sweet sodas.
When you release the pressure, do so very carefully. If you have a lot of pressure in the bottle, you might get a volcano reaction from the contents as they will shoot out of the bottle. So it's a good idea to check over the sink or outside just in case, and be prepared to recap quickly if it starts to do that so you don't lose all your content. Place it into the fridge before you try to open it again to make sure it's cooled way down. That helps tame it a little.
Once in the refrigerator, your soda will keep tasty for several weeks. It might get a little less sweet over time as the bacteria are still feeding, although not nearly as much as when it's warm.